Suchergebnisse

本研究聚焦2009年到2013年,中國廣州的一場圍繞垃圾處理展開的社會運動。運動最初是當地居民動員起來反對市政府垃圾焚燒項目的鄰避抗爭。勝利後,運動領袖成立了一個環保組織,和政府從對抗走向合作,力圖推动焚燒技術以外的替代性垃圾治理方案。不過,儘管政府和環保者致力於解決垃圾,垃圾問題在消費社會中始終無法消除。本研究試圖理解後社會主義中國的綠色治理和環保行動之間的對抗與合作。 ; 首先,我分析當代中國高速城市化和消費社會急速發展所帶來的垃圾危機。然后,我檢視圍繞垃圾焚燒技術的主要爭議,並描繪廣州居民是如何針對政府計劃中的垃圾焚燒項目做出抗爭的。我指出,他們結合地方性知識和科學話語,將自己建構為"常民專家",對全球性的焚燒科技的"地方適用性"作出成功挑战。接下來,我提供一個民族誌,追溯抗議成功后運動的歷史軌跡。我注意到,通過成立一個環保組織"EC",反焚運動走向合法化、組織化和制度化,抗爭被體制吸納,轉變為參與協助國家環境治理的運動。最後,我描繪EC與广州政府聯手推動的垃圾分類運動。指出,國家在此運動中的尷尬身份、以利潤為導向的回收市場影響、理想化的垃圾分類知識與普通民眾的知識存在斷裂,都使得推動垃圾分類異常艱難。 ; 通過展示運動變遷與國家治理轉型相互交織的辯證关系,本研究挑戰了國家與社會的二元對立,指出在國家在治理轉型過程中不斷收編反抗的行動和話語,而於此同時反焚者又在不斷生產新的另類知識做出挑戰。此外,本研究還貢獻於對廢棄物的理解,將廢棄物視為是一個動態的範疇,國家、市場、科學技術、普通消費者、環保行動者等多個行動者共同生產、競爭、建構其意義。還有,本研究對於科技知識的普遍性的探討,對科學技術研究領域做出了貢獻。 ; This is a study on social movements that focused on waste treatment in Guangzhou, China from 2009-2013. The campaign began as a NIMBY (Not-In-My-Backyard) movement that mobilized community residents to protest against municipal government's proposed incineration projects. After its success, the movement leaders changed their dissident role to form an environmental protection NGO, collaborating with the state to explore alternative waste treatment solutions other than incineration. However, despite of the politicians and activists' attempt to eliminate waste, waste continues to exist in tandem of our consumption spree. I endeavor to understand the contradiction as well as collusion between green governance and environmental activisms in post-socialist China. ; Firstly, I analyze the garbage crisis caused by the rapid urbanization and the dramatic growth of consumer society in contemporary China. Then I examine a few major technological controversies of waste incineration and depict how the activists protest against the pro-incineration government. I argue that through deploying local knowledge, the activists, as "lay experts", successfully challenged the "local appropriateness" of the global technology of incineration. Next, I provide an in-depth ethnography of the transformation of this campaign after its ...

AbstractThe cleansing service is primarily a question of adaptability and cost. Methods of collection, transportation and disposal are not related to health. It should be entrusted to the public words department.

Ethnoarcheological investigations have indicated that refuse is differentially treated within domestic compounds. One contributing factor appears to be the amount of area available for activities within the houselot. This possibility is discussed using two sets of data: the system of houselot refuse disposal and the organization of household‐level ceramic production. Houselot maintenance, as reflected in the composition and distribution of refuse items found across the patio, varies as a function of effective patio area. The use of kilns versus open firing in these households is also sensitive to available area within the residential compound. The findings underscore the important relationship between spatial constraints and the organization of waste management and craft production within the domestic setting.

本书围绕如何有序推进农民工市民化这一中国现代化进程中的重大问题, 一方面从总体上研究了农民工基本情况, 面临的问题及其根源, 解决农民工问题的三个历史阶段, 在此基础上分析了有序推进农民工市民化的必要性, 可行性, 并且提出了基本思路建议;另一方面专题研究了有序推进农民工市民化过程中面临的职业培训实效, 建设工程领域权益维护, 尘肺病患者待遇保障, 在城镇落戶, 全家进城落戶后土地权益处理, 在城镇的住房, 未落戶者逐步平等享受市民权益, 与老市民的社会融合, 市民化进程动态监测等难点问题, 提出了具体对策建议

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Pursuant to a legislative requirement, GAO reviewed the Small Business Administration's (SBA) new rule on small business size standards for contractors. GAO noted that: (1) the final rule would establish new small business size standards for general building and heavy construction contractors, with certain exceptions; (2) the increases in the size standards are designed to adjust for inflation since the original standards became effective; and (3) SBA complied with applicable requirements in promulgating the rule."